INFINITIVE - SIMPLE PAST - PAST PARTICIPLE - TRANSLATION
to arise - arose - arisen - surgir, levantar-se
to awake - awoke - awoken - acordar
to be - was, were - been - ser, estar
to bear - bore - born - dar à luz
to bear - bore -borne - suportar
to beat -beat - beaten-beat - bater, derrotar
to become - became - become - tornar-se
to begin - began - begun - começar
to bend - bent - bent - curvar-se, dobrar
to bet - bet - bet - apostar
to bid - bid - bid - fazer um lance
to bid - bade - bidden - ordenar, saudar
to bind - bound - bound - ligar, encadernar
to bite - bit - bitten - morder, picar
to bleed - bled - bled -sangrar
to blow - blew - blown - soprar
to break - broke - broken - quebrar
to breed - bred - bred - criar, gerar
to bring - brought - brought - trazer
to broadcast - broadcast - broadcast -difundir, transmitir
to build - built - built - construir
to burn - burnt / burned - burnt / burned - queimar
to burst - burst - burst - romper, explodir
to buy - bought - bought - comprar
to cast - cast - cast - arremessar, lançar
to catch - caught - caught - apanhar, pegar
to chide - chid - chidden - censurar
to choose - chose - chosen - escolher
to cling - clung - clung - aderir, unir-se
to come - came - come - vir
to cost - cost - cost - custar
to creep - crept - crept - rastejar
to cut - cut - cut - cortar
to deal - dealt - dealt - negociar, tratar
to dig - dug - dug - cavar
to do - did - done - fazer
to draw - drew - drawn - desenhar
to dream - dreamt / dreamed - dreamt / dreamed - sonhar
to dwell - dwelt - dwelt - residir
to eat - ate - eaten - comer
to fall - fell - fallen - cair
to feed - fed - fed - alimentar, suprir
to feel - felt - felt - sentir
to fight - fought - fought - lutar, brigar
to find - found - found - achar, encontrar
to fit - fit / fitted - fit / fitted - adaptar-se, caber
to flee - fled - fled - fugir
to fling - flung - flung - arremessar, lançar
to fly - flew - flown - voar
to forbid - forbade - forbidden - proibir
to forecast - forecast - forecast - prever, profetizar
to forget - forgot - forgotten - esquecer
to forgive - forgave - forgiven - perdoar
to forsake - forsook - forsaken - abandonar
to freeze - froze - frozen - congelar
to get - got - got / gotten - conseguir, obter
to give - gave - given - dar
to go - went - gone - ir
to grind - ground - ground - afiar, moer
to grow - grew - grown - crescer
to hang - hung - hung - pendurar, suspender
to have - had - had - ter
to hear - heard - heard - ouvir
to hide - hid - hidden - esconder
to hit - hit - hit - bater, acertar
to hold - held - held - segurar
to hurt - hurt - hurt - machucar, ferir
to keep - kept - kept - guardar, manter
to kneel - knelt - knelt - ajoelhar-se
to know - knew - known - conhecer, saber
to lay - laid - laid - derrubar, deitar, planejar, pôr
to lead - led - led - conduzir, levar a
to lean - leant / leaned - leant / leaned - encostar (-se), inclinar (-se), curvar (-se), apoiar (-se)
to leap - leapt / leaped - leapt / leaped - pular, saltar
to learn - learnt / learned - learnt / learned - aprender
to leave - left - left - deixar, sair
to lend - lent - lent - emprestar
to let - let - let - deixar, permitir
to lie - lay - lain - deitar-se, jazer
to light - lit / lighted - lit / lighted - acender, iluminar
to lose - lost - lost - perder
to make - made - made - fazer, produzir
to mean - meant - meant - significar, querer dizer
to meet - met - met - encontrar
to pay - paid - paid - pagar
to put - put - put - pôr
to quit - quit - quit - deixar, abandonar
to read - read - read - ler
to rid - rid - rid - livrar-se
to ride - rode - ridden - cavalgar
to ring - rang - rung - tocar, soar
to rise - rose - risen - levantar, subir
to run - ran - run - correr
to say - said - said - dizer
to see - saw - seen - ver
to seek - sought - sought - procurar
to sell - sold - sold - vender
to send - sent - sent - enviar, mandar
to set - set - set - pôr, fixar
to shake - shook shaken - agitar, sacudir
to shed - shed - shed - derramar
to shine - shone / shined - shone / shined - brilhar, reluzir
to shoot - shot - shot - atirar, disparar
to show - showed - shown / showed - mostrar
to shrink - shrank / shrunk - shrunk - encolher, recuar
to shut - shut - shut - fechar
to sing - sang - sung - cantar
to sink - sank - sunk - afundar
to sit - sat - sat - sentar-se
to sleep - slept - slept - dormir
to slide - slid - slid - escorregar, deslizar
to slit - slit - slit - fender, rachar
to smell - smelt / smelled - smelt / smelled - cheirar
to speak - spoke - spoken - falar
to speed - sped / speeded - sped / speeded - apressar
to spell - spelt / spelled - spelt / spelled - soletrar, significar
to spend - spent - spent - gastar, passar
to spill - spilt / spilled - spilt / spilled - derramar, entornar
to spin - spun - spun - girar, tecer
to spit - spit / spat - spit / spat - cuspir
to split - split - split - dividir, rachar
to spoil - spoilt / spoiled - spoilt / spoiled - estragar
to spread - spread - spread - difundir, espalhar
to spring - sprang / sprung - sprung - brotar, saltar
to stand - stood - stood - agüentar, ficar de pé
to steal - stole - stolen - furtar, roubar
to stick - stuck - stuck - afixar, colar
to sting - stung - stung - picar
to stink - stank / stunk - stunk - cheirar mal
to strike - struck - struck / stricken - bater, esmurrar
to strive strove / strived striven / strived - esforçar-se
to string - strung - strung - afinar, esticar
to swear - swore - sworn - blasfemar, jurar
to sweep - swept - swept - varrer
to swim - swam - swum - nadar
to swing - swung - swung - balançar, oscilar
to take - took - taken - levar, pegar,tomar
to teach - taught - taught - ensinar
to tear - tore - torn - rasgar
to tell - told - told - contar, dizer
to think - thought - thought - pensar
to throw - threw - thrown - arremessar, lançar
to thrust - thrust - thrust - empurrar, enfiar
to understand - understood understood - entender
to wake (up) - woke / waked - woken / waked - acordar
to wear - wore - worn - usar, vestir
to weave - wove - woven - tecer
to weep - wept - wept - chorar, lamentar
to win - won - won - vencer
to wind - wound - wound - dar corda, enrolar
DEFINITIONS OF SOME OF THE LESS FREQUENTLY USED IRREGULAR VERBS
bet ........wager; offerto pay money if one loses.
i.e. She bet $ that I wouldn’t be ableto give up smoking.
He spends all his money betting on horses.
bid .......make an offer of money, usually at a public sale.
i.e.We had hopedto get the house but another couple was bidding against us.
Several firms have bid for the contractto build the new concert hall.
bind ........fasten or secure
i.e. The hostages were bound (with ropes) and gagged.
They bound his legs (together) so he couldn’t escape.
breed .......bring animalstogetherto produce young.
i.e. My father breeds a rare kind of birds.
How often do lions breed?
breed .......bring animalstogetherto produce young.
i.e. My father breeds a rare kind of birds.
How often do lions breed?
burst ........explode; break suddenly
i.e.Water pipes often burst in cold weather.
The river burst its bank and flooded thetown.
cast .......throw
i.e. He cast a furtive glance at her.
The tragedy cast a shadow on their lives.
cling ........hold on tightly
i.e. The children were clinging onto their mother.
They clungto each other as they said goodbye.
cling ........hold on tightly
i.e. The children were clinging onto their mother.
They clungto each other as they said goodbye.
cling ........hold on tightly
i.e. The children were clinging onto their mother.
They clungto each other as they said goodbye.
cling ........hold on tightly
i.e. The children were clinging onto their mother.
They clungto each other as they said goodbye.
fling ........throw with force.
i.e. She flung the papers on the desk and stormed out.
She flung herself onto the sofa.
forecast .........predict a future occurence.
i.e. Snow has been forecast fortonight.
The economists forecast that inflation will drop this year.
forsake ........abandon or desert
i.e. He forsook the glamour of city life for a small cottage in the country.
grind ........crush, reduceto small pieces
i.e. The elephant grinds (up) its food with its powerful teeth.
seek .......look for
i.e. People are always seeking for solutionsto their troubles.
shed .......drop off or get rid of
i.e.A lorry has shed its load on the motorway.
You must learnto shed your inhibitions.
shrink ........become smaller
i.e.The washing-machine shrank my sweater.
sink ........move downward, often under water.
i.e. My feet sank (down) into the mud.
The ship sank (to the bottom of the ocean).
slide ........glide smoothly; slip or skid.
i.e. I slid the rug in front of the fire.
The drawers slide in and out easily.
slit ........cut a narrow opening.
i.e. He slit open the envelope with a knife.
spin ........turn rapidly around a central point.
i.e. They spun a cointo decide who should start.
split ........divide into two or more parts.
i.e. The children split (up) into small groups.
spread ........push out in all directions (e.g., butter on bread, news)
i.e. Butter spreads more easily when it’s softer.
spring ........jump or rise suddenly from a still position.
i.e. I sprang out of bedto answer the door.
sting ........cause pain with a sharp object (e.g., pin) or bite (e.g., by an insect).
i.e. Do all types of bees sting?
stink ........have a bad or foul smell.
i.e. That fish in the fridge has gone bad – it stinks.
strike ........hit something with force.
i.e. The stone struck him on the forehead.
OUTROS VERBOS PREFIXADOS
to forbear = abster-se, evitar
to fortell = profetizar
to mislay = colocar em lugar errado
to misread = ler incorretamente
to misspell = pronunciar incorretamente
to misspend = esbanjar
to mistake = enganar-se
to misunderstand = entender mal
to offset = compensar
to outbid = cobrir o lance (leilão)
to outdo = superar
to outgrow = crescer muito
to outride = passar à dianteira de (a cavalo)
to outrun = correr mais que
to outshine = brilhar mais que
to overbear = oprimir, dominar
to overcome = conquistar, superar
to overdo = exagerar
to overeat = comer demais
to overflow = inundar
to overhang = estar suspenso sobre
to overhear = ouvir por acaso
to overlay = revestir
to override = passar por cima, prevalecer
to overrun = exceder, derrotar
to oversee = supervisionar
to overshoot = exceder o alvo
to oversleep = dormir demais
to overspend = gastar demais
to overtake = alcançar
to overthrow = derrotar, subverter
to unbend = afrouxar
to undergo = suportar, passar por
to undertake = empreender
to underwrite = apoiar financeiramente
to uphold = sustentar
to upset = perturbar
to withdraw = retirar
to withhold = impedir
to withstand = resistir
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